Exam 6-10
Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal system?
| protection of internal organs |
| mineral storage |
| communication |
| blood cell formation |
Bone resorption requires the activity of:
| osteoblasts. |
| osteocytes. |
| osteoclasts. |
| chondrocytes |
The only example of gomphoses in the body are the articulations between the teeth and the maxilla or mandible.
| True |
| False |
Creatine phosphate provides 30-40 seconds of energy for muscle activity.
| True |
| False |
Which type of synovial joint is the simplest and least mobile?
| ball-and-socket joint |
| plane joint |
| saddle joint |
| hinge joint |
Both synovial fluid and articular cartilage function in shock absorption and the lubrication of a synovial joint.
| True |
| False |
Diploë refers to spongy bone in flat bones.
| True |
| False |
A muscle cell experiencing resting membrane potential is:
| propagating an action potential. |
| polarized. |
| experiencing depolarization. |
| more negatively charged on its exterior than in its interior. |
Which muscles elevate the scapula?
| pectoralis major and pectoralis minor |
| pectoralis minor and serratus anterior |
| trapezius and levator scapulae |
| rhomboid major and rhomboid minor |
When climbing stairs, which muscles plantar flex your foot?
| gluteus maximus and hamstrings |
| tibialis anterior and extensor digitorum longus |
| gastrocnemius and soleus |
| rectus femoris and sartorius |
Which of the following is NOT a cranial bone?
| zygomatic bone |
| frontal bone |
| parietal bone |
| occipital bone |
The synapse of a motor neuron with a muscle fiber is known as the:
| motor end plate. |
| neuromuscular junction. |
| synaptic bulb. |
| synaptic cleft. |
Greater muscle tension results when muscle fibers are repeatedly stimulated.
| True |
| False |
Appositional growth produces:
| endochondral ossification. |
| intramembranous ossification. |
| growth in width. |
| growth in length. |
From superficial to deep, the three muscles of the lateral abdominal wall are:
| transversus abdominis, external oblique, internal oblique. |
| external oblique, internal oblique, rectus abdominis. |
| rectus abdominis, external oblique, internal oblique. |
| external oblique, internal oblique, transversus abdominis. |
Cardiac muscles perform peristalsis to pump blood through the heart.
| True |
| False |
What do skeletal muscle tissue and cardiac muscle tissue share in common?
| Both skeletal and cardiac muscle tissues possess intercalated discs. |
| Both skeletal and cardiac muscle tissues are voluntary. |
| Both skeletal and cardiac muscle tissues are striated. |
| Both skeletal and cardiac muscle tissues perform peristalsis. |
Place the classes of vertebrae in order as they are situated in the vertebral column from superior to inferior.
1. cervical vertebrae
2. coccygeal vertebrae
3. lumbar vertebrae
4. sacral vertebrae
5. thoracic vertebrae
| 1, 5, 3, 2, 4 |
| 1, 3, 5, 4, 2 |
| 1, 3, 5, 2, 4 |
| 1, 5, 3, 4, 2 |
The process of ossification begins at a primary ossification center in both intramembranous and endochondral ossification.
| True |
| False |
Which of the following is a functional joint classification?
| synovial |
| fibrous |
| cartilaginous |
| diarthrosis |
What type of joint allows motion around only one axis?
| uniaxial |
| multiaxial (triaxial) |
| nonaxial |
| biaxial |
The function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) is to store and release calcium ions.
| True |
| False |
Larry’s muscles weakened while he played tennis for hours on a hot summer afternoon. This inability to maintain intensity is defined as:
| atrophy. |
| hypotonia. |
| muscle fatigue. |
| hypertonia. |
Which of the following does NOT belong to the axial skeleton?
| vertebral column |
| pectoral girdle |
| skull |
| thoracic cage |
What best describes cartilaginous joints?
| joint cavity |
| presence of synovial fluid in the joint cavity |
| free range of motion |
| little, if any, motion |
Where does the mentalis muscle insert?
| hyoid bone |
| angle of the mouth |
| skin of the chin |
| skin around the eyelids |
Which of the following muscles does NOT adduct the thigh?
| adductor magnus |
| gracilis |
| rectus femoris |
| pectineus |
From proximal to distal, what bones form the upper limb?
1. carpals
2. humerus
3. metacarpals
4. phalanges
5. ulna and radius
| 5, 2, 1, 3, 4 |
| 2, 5, 1, 4, 3 |
| 2, 5, 1, 3, 4 |
| 2, 5, 4, 3, 1 |
Muscles with a triangular shape, such as the pectoralis major muscle in the chest, typically have a:
| spiral fascicle arrangement. |
| unipennate fascicle arrangement. |
| convergent fascicle arrangement. |
| parallel fascicle arrangement |
The type of contraction in which length of the muscle fibers do not change is called:
| isometric. |
| isotonic eccentric. |
| tetany. |
| isotonic concentric. |
In an adult, each coxal bone is made of three fused bones: ilium, ischium, and pubis bones.
| True |
| False |
Final Exam – Chapters 11-13
In what dura mater fold is the superior sagittal sinus located?
| tentorium cerebri |
| tentorium cerebelli |
| falx cerebelli |
| falx cerebri |
Olfactory receptors depolarize in response to an odorant, turning a stimulus into an electrical signal. This conversion is known as:
| sensory transduction. |
| adaptation. |
| propagation. |
| repolarization. |
Detection of stimuli is a responsibility of the ________ while perception of the stimuli is a responsibility of the ________.
| upper motor neuron; lower motor neuron |
| CNS; PNS |
| PNS; CNS |
| second-order neuron; first-order neuron |
The lumbar nerve plexuses arise from the anterior rami of L1 – L4 and innervate structures of the pelvis and lower limb.
| True |
| False |
What is cranial nerve VIII?
| facial nerve |
| vestibulocochlear nerve |
| trigeminal nerve |
| glossopharyngeal nerve |
Which of the following is NOT a function of neurons?
| transmitting motor information |
| forming the myelin sheath |
| integration |
| carrying sensory information |
What brain region is responsible for learning, memory, and personality?
| diencephalon |
| cerebellum |
| brainstem |
| cerebrum |
The majority of synapses in the nervous system are:
| voltage. |
| chemical. |
| electrical. |
| mechanical. |
The right corticospinal tracts of the spinal cord usually carry motor information from the left cerebral cortex of the brain.
| True |
| False |
Where are neuronal pools located?
| within ganglia |
| within the CNS |
| within the PNS |
| within nerves |
Name the structure that should be in the white box of this diagram.
| cerebellum |
| globus pallidus |
| lower motor neurons |
| hypothalamus |
Which of the following must occur first in a reflex arc?
| delivery of motor response to effector |
| detection by receptor and delivery of stimulus |
| transmission from the primary motor cortex |
| integration in the central nervous system (CNS) |
This neuron is __________.
| a lower motor neuron |
| a CNS neuron |
| an upper motor neuron |
| a sensory neuron |
An elevated ridge on the surface of the cerebrum is known as a:
| gyrus. |
| sulcus. |
| fissure. |
| furrow. |
Proprioceptors are located in the musculoskeletal system where they detect the movement and position of a joint or body part.
| True |
| False |
Which division detects stimuli of the general senses and special senses?
| somatic sensory division |
| somatic motor division |
| visceral motor division (autonomic nervous system) |
| visceral sensory division |
Neurotransmitters can be either excitatory or inhibitory depending upon the receptor present on the postsynaptic neuron.
| True |
| False |
During depolarization, the membrane potential becomes more positive.
| True |
| False |
What is NOT a function of the nervous system?
| direct long-term functions such as growth |
| control effectors |
| sense the internal and external environments |
| integrate sensory information |
Cognition is best described as:
| the ability to comprehend and produce words. |
| encoding and storing learned information in our neural circuitry. |
| recognizing, processing, planning, and responding to stimuli. |
| a reversible and normal suspension of consciousness. |
In contrast to the nervous system, the endocrine system accomplishes homeostasis by:
| producing an immediate effect in target cells. |
| releasing hormones into the blood that regulate the functions of other cells. |
| sending action potentials that excite or inhibit target cells. |
| controlling the activities of the autonomic nervous system (ANS). |
Which bony feature is typically only found in babies?
| mastoid process |
| anterior fontanelle |
| mandibular fossa |
| coronal suture |
What is this type of fibrous joint?
| suture |
| syndesmosis |
| symphysis |
| gomphosis |
Which cartilage forms the meniscus?
| hyaline |
| elastic |
| fibrocartilage |
| areolar cartilage |
Identify the structure labeled “d”
| pectoralis major |
| flexor carpi radialis |
| extensor digitorum |
| deltoid |
Name this muscle.
| latissimus dorsi |
| pectoralis major |
| trapezius |
| deltoid |
Which lettered structure indicates the endomysium?
| A |
| D |
| C |
| B |
This bone marking is a _____.
| facet |
| fissure |
| foramen |
| tubercle |
The bony plates visible in this figure are called _____.
| canaliculi |
| lamellae |
| trabeculae |
| osteons |
Which bone is very long and very thin with a flattish end on one side and a roundish end on the other?
| calcaneus |
| humerus |
| fibula |
| pelvic bone |
When viewing a slide of skeletal muscle tissue through a microscope, which characteristic will you likely notice first?
| The cells are branched. |
| The cells are short and oblong shaped. |
| The cells are long and striated. |
| The cells are long and branched. |
What is this movement called?
| flexion |
| circumduction |
| extension |
| abduction |
This is a(n) _____ view of the _____ scapula.
This is a(n) _____ view of the _____ scapula.
| posterior; left |
| posterior; right |
| anterior; left |
| anterior; right |
What is this organ system?
| respiratory system |
| lymphatic system |
| cardiovascular system |
| digestive system |
This bone marking is a _____.
| fissure |
| tubercle |
| facet |
| foramen |
What is this type of fibrous joint?
| suture |
| symphysis |
| syndesmosis |
| gomphosis |
The reticular layer of the dermis is labeled _____.
| A |
| B |
| C |
| D |
This is a(n) _____ view of the _____ scapula.
| anterior; right |
| anterior; left |
| posterior; left |
| posterior; right |
What does the epimysium surround?
| Muscle belly |
| Single muscle cell |
| Bundle of 2-3 fascicles |
| Single fascicle |
The step labeled 3 in the figure is __________.
| motor output |
| integration |
| sensory input |
| receptor activation |
Name this nerve.
| vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII) |
| abducens nerve (VI) |
| hypoglossal nerve (XII) |
| olfactory nerve (I) |
Another term for the ankle is the ________.
| tarsal region |
| sural region |
| carpal region |
| rural region |
Which cartilage forms the meniscus?
| hyaline |
| elastic |
| fibrocartilage |
| areolar cartilage |
How would you classify this epithelial cell?
| squamous |
| cuboidal |
| stratified |
| columnar |
The cerebellum is labeled _____.
| A |
| B |
| C |
| D |
Having examined a cheek cell under a microscope, you can confidently state:
| The cells are full of distinct fibers. |
| The cells are dimpled and flat in their centers. |
| The cells are large, flat, and appear to have 4-5 sides. |
| The cells have long processes like axons and dendrites. |
The area circled on the figure is the __________.
| insertion of the biceps brachii |
| origin of the biceps brachii |
| head of the biceps brachii |
| ligament of the biceps brachii |
This is an example of ________
| ionic bond |
| polar covalent bond |
| nonpolar covalent bond |
| hydrogen bond |
When transporting a microscope:
| the cord should be secured |
| the 100x objective lens should be closest to the stage |
| the condenser should be removed and stored in its compartment |
| use both hands to hold it by the base |
